Working culture in Vietnam

Vietnam’s working culture is a blend of long-standing traditions and rapid modernization. As one of Southeast Asia’s fastest-growing economies, the country offers a dynamic and opportunity-rich environment. Understanding local workplace norms will help you integrate more smoothly and build strong professional relationships.

Respect and hierarchy

Hierarchy plays an important role in many Vietnamese workplaces. Age, seniority, and job titles are respected. Decisions are often made by senior leaders rather than through open group debate.

In more traditional companies, reporting lines are clear and authority is rarely questioned publicly. However, startups and international firms may operate in a more flexible and collaborative way.

When working in Vietnam:

• Show respect to managers and senior colleagues
• Avoid openly criticizing someone in a higher position
• Present suggestions politely and, when appropriate, in private

Relationship-driven business culture

Business in Vietnam is strongly relationship-based. Trust is often built before formal agreements move forward.

Meetings may start with small talk about family, travel, or general life updates. Coffee meetings, shared meals, and informal gatherings are common and important for long-term cooperation.

Professional relationships are often long-term and personal. Reliability and consistency matter greatly.

Communication style

Vietnamese communication tends to be polite and indirect. Maintaining harmony and helping others “save face” is important in professional settings.

You may notice:

• People rarely say “no” directly
• Disagreement may be expressed subtly
• Silence can sometimes indicate hesitation or concern

If instructions or agreements seem unclear, it is helpful to confirm details gently and respectfully.

Work ethic and adaptability

Vietnamese employees are generally hardworking, adaptable, and quick to learn. Long working hours are common in sectors such as technology, manufacturing, and hospitality.

At the same time, younger professionals increasingly value work-life balance, especially in major cities like Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, and Da Nang.

Typical working hours and lunch break culture

Most office-based companies operate from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM, Monday to Friday. A lunch break of 60 to 90 minutes is standard, usually around 12:00 PM.

A distinctive aspect of Vietnamese working culture is the short midday nap, often called a “lunch break rest.” After lunch, many employees take a 15–30 minute nap at their desks, on folding chairs, or in designated rest areas. In some offices, lights are dimmed during this time.

This practice is widely accepted and seen as a practical way to recharge before the afternoon work session, especially in a tropical climate.

Some local businesses, particularly in traditional industries, may also operate on Saturday mornings (8:00 AM – 12:00 PM).

Startups and international companies are more likely to offer flexible schedules, hybrid work, or remote arrangements.

Meetings and punctuality

Punctuality is increasingly expected, particularly in multinational companies. However, in some local contexts, time can be more flexible.

Meetings may not always follow strict agendas, and decisions can require approval from multiple levels of management.

Patience and clarity are helpful when navigating administrative or hierarchical processes.

Public holidays in Vietnam

Understanding public holidays is important when planning business activities.

The most significant holiday is Tết (Lunar New Year). Many businesses close for several days or even up to two weeks during this period.

Other official public holidays include:

• New Year’s Day (January 1)
• Hung Kings’ Commemoration Day (10th day of the 3rd lunar month)
• Reunification Day (April 30)
• International Workers’ Day (May 1)
• National Day (September 2)

During major holidays, government offices, banks, and many private businesses may close.

Foreigners working in Vietnam

Vietnam is increasingly international. Foreign professionals work in education, technology, manufacturing, hospitality, and finance.

Expats who succeed in Vietnam typically:

• Show respect for local customs
• Invest time in relationship-building
• Demonstrate patience and cultural awareness

With the right mindset, working in Vietnam can be both professionally rewarding and personally enriching.